A fool and his money, something something

refund anticipation loan, tax refund, IRS

Apparently, keno players are not as dumb as it gets.

This week, Refund Anticipation Loans. This is almost the invention of the wheel in reverse. Human ingenuity has now developed an inefficient, costly, inelegant, labor-increasing device that if left unchecked will send the species back millennia.

The “refund” in an RAL refers to a tax refund. You file your taxes with a professional preparer such as H&R Block. (Because addition is hard, subtraction is extra hard, and multiplication and division should be left only to the professionals, or at least to people who know how to press buttons on a calculator.) Then, because you overpaid your taxes throughout the year by having as much as possible withheld from your paychecks, the IRS returns to you the interest-free loan you gave it. Which can take weeks beyond the time you’ve already granted the IRS.

But this is America. We don’t do delayed gratification.

It bears repeating to the next social engineer who decries the amorphous “gap between rich and poor” that plagues our society: the poor are poor largely because they choose to be.

For those who can’t wait (and wouldn’t have had to wait, had they had the minimum deducted from each paycheck throughout the year), some enterprising souls created the RAL. Say you go down to the Jackson Hewitt office with your W-2s in tow. The preparer calculates that the money you’ve been lending to the federal government, without interest, totals $1000. Are you going to wait until April, maybe May, for that money when there are PlayStations to buy and child support to pay? Hell no!

So the preparer asks “Will you take $970 now?” And apparently, every year 12 million people say yes. If it’s any encouragement, a goodly ratio of them are probably too dumb to fill out a voter registration form.

If someone’s holding your daughter for $970 ransom with a 12-hour deadline before he mails you her scalp, only then is an RAL an outstanding investment.

That’s a 3% commission, for saving the taxpayer the trouble of waiting maybe a month for his refund. Which is an annualized rate of 43%, not that anyone ever waits an entire year. Still, that annualized number looks so enormous that it got the attention of some elected officials. Who decided that when two parties sign an agreement that showcases the stupidity of one party, the other party must be to blame. California’s attorney general sued H&R Block for offering RALs, an Illinois judge decided a $360 million settlement wasn’t enough, and the FDIC, America’s bank regulator, asked Republic Bank of Louisville to “consider ending (the) line of business” that represents most of its profit.

65% of people who receive Refund Anticipation Loans are already receiving the federal Earned Income Tax Credit. They’re so poor that they’re not making enough to be net taxpayers in the first place.

Someone found a racial component to this, too. In 2006, 7% of Illinoisans used RALs, but 23% of black Illinoisans did. If you’re black and use an RAL, then no, you’re not being exploited. But you are a moron. You’re equally stupid if you’re white, Oriental, or Melanesian and use an RAL.

Let’s hear from a loquacious consumer advocate on the issue:

“Almost one in four taxpayers living in African-American communities pays hundreds of dollars to receive his own money a few days early,” said Katie Buitrago, Policy and Communications Associate at Woodstock Institute. “Millions of dollars that could be used to pay down debt or provide a safety net for emergency expenses are being lost.”

No, that’s millions of dollars that could be used to buy crack, drink malt liquor, and spend on custom LeBron Air Max VIIs. Does Ms. Buitrago really think that RAL users are going to buy corporate bonds and index fund shares with their refunds? If they’re the kind of people who are farsighted enough to invest their money, they would have done it by now. Does she think refund anticipation lenders should just let taxpayers enjoy early money interest-free? Why should a tax preparation service that sells RALs be held to a higher standard than the IRS, which these taxpayers are giving their money to in the first place? (Then again, from the perspective of a taxpayer who’s let the IRS enjoy his money interest-free, it does make sense.)

Despite the extraneity of the second half of the quote, Ms. Buitrago is technically right. And practically disingenuous. Or just dense – it’s hard to tell with academics sometimes.

Again this has nothing to do with money, but assume that anyone who’s using the passive voice is hiding something. The quote should read “(People who are getting these RALs) choose to forgo millions of dollars that could…etc.”

Exploitation is an easy thing to prove. If you’re being taken advantage of without understanding the circumstances, you’re being exploited. When someone picks your pocket, literally picks it, that’s exploitation. When you sign an agreement granting someone the exclusive right to remove your wallet from your pants and take whatever they deem fair, you’re not being exploited.

Paying extra to get what was yours in the first place is called extortion, but even that isn’t accurate because most extortionists don’t operate with the explicit permission of the people they’re extorting money from. Furthermore, this subject matter is so outrageous that it’s reduced the author to overuse of italics.

Do we have to do this again? Here it is, in handy list form:

  1. Get as little as possible withheld from your paychecks. This will involve redoing your W-4, with the help of whoever handles this at your workplace. It should take less than a minute.
  2. You’ll now have more take-home pay in each check. Take the difference and invest it somewhere (NB: exacta boxes at the dog track are not an investment. Toyota stock is.)
  3. Write the United States Treasury a check at 11:59 p.m. on April 15.

It’s your money until the last possible second. You don’t pay upfront for most other things, why do so with your taxes?

If you’ve ever received a RAL, get the person who’s reading this to you to stop and smack you, but hard. The Marlboro reds, lottery tickets and 24-packs of Pabst Blue Ribbon will still be there when your refund check comes. So will the UFC clothing and Shadows Fall albums.

3 out of every 4 people reading this are idiots.

IRS Refund Anticipation Loans


That means you, who’s looking forward to getting a tax refund on April 15. It might not be the dumbest thing you can do with your money, but it’s in the top 8.

Congratulations, getting that check means you let the government (definitely federal, probably state) enjoy your money all year long, as your employer dutifully paid the IRS every two weeks before you got your share. Of what you earned.

Remember that packet of papers the HR wench gave you when you started your current job? They included IRS Form W-4, which orders your employer to withhold some minimum amount of income tax from your paycheck. The implicit message from the government is you’re too stupid to budget, Citizen.

(You also can’t handle saving for retirement, and we don’t want you making too many decisions about your health care either. But those are issues for future posts.)

Many people, 75% of you according to some estimates, gladly choose to have their employers withhold more than enough to cover their taxes from each paycheck, thinking of this as “forced saving” in a gross misinterpretation of the term. The logic goes that rather than come up short on April 15, you can spend the whole year not thinking twice about your eventual tax bill. Best of all, when all those other suckers are lining up at the post office on Tax Day, not only will you not have to, you’ll be “receiving” money from the IRS. You outsmarted the system!

You didn’t.

You don’t want to get a big check from the IRS on April 15. You want to incorporate as a business, and send the IRS small checks on April 15, July 15, October 15 and January 15.

If you’re not an entrepreneur – i.e., if most of your income is still tabulated on W-2 forms rather than 1099 forms – you still don’t want to get a big check from the IRS on April 15. If anything, you want to cut them as big a check as possible.

“As big as possible” meaning not that you should give them all your money minus your living expenses, but as much of your tax bill as you can save until the last possible moment.

Look at it this way. Lots of merchants give cash discounts. The auto repair shop would rather have your money immediately than wait until the end of the month to receive it from MasterCard (after they subtract their cut, of course.) Continuing in that vein, the longer the merchant has to wait for your money, the more they expect. That’s why most invoices call for increased payments after 30, 60, 90 or 120 days, which is obvious.

The IRS has the second part of that down, being only too happy to assess penalties if you’re late.

So does that mean the IRS reduces your tax bill if you pay early?

(Sorry, broke a blood vessel from laughing too hard.)

If there’s no benefit to paying early, why on earth would you do it? Let the time value of money do its work. The longer you can hold on to it, the better it is for you.

Retailers use the annual ritual of receiving a check as a seasonal mating call. Come to our car lot, and we’ll double your IRS refund on the purchase of a new Camry! Turn your refund into a plasma screen!

A million years of human evolution, and our brains still haven’t developed to the point where they can instinctively appreciate the wisdom of deferring things beyond the obvious benefit.

Get the minimum deducted from each biweekly paycheck. (You don’t have to wait until the anniversary of your hire date. You can do this at work today if you want.) Take the difference between that and what you would have had deducted otherwise, and invest it in your 401(k). When it comes time to pay your taxes you’ll have enough to buy that plasma screen or Costa Rican vacation and then some.

If you’re not convinced by this point, then you have no willpower and will have to wait until we release a book called Let Someone Else Control Your Cash. Even worse, in the last few months we’ve seen just how hollow the phrase “full faith and credit of the (United States) government” goes.

For instance, the state of Hawai’i recently announced it was delaying its tax refunds until July 1. This isn’t to commemorate Canadian independence day, we’re guessing.

UPDATE: It isn’t. Make that August. Late August.

That leaves 49 solvent states. Well, except for Virginia. Oh, and Georgia, which kept its citizens waiting until mid-July and beyond last year. You knew New York would be a part of this too, right? How about Alabama? And North Carolina, you can step right up too. Etc.

States routinely budget in billions of dollars, making it easy to assume they have giant reservoirs of cash. They don’t. Californians pride themselves on having an economy that would be the world’s 8th largest were California a nation, but their state government doesn’t even temper the news when it announces it’ll be paying its creditors with IOUs.

America’s largest corporations by revenue are ExxonMobil, Wal-Mart, Chevron, ConocoPhillips, Ford and General Electric. Imagine what would happen if any of them decided to pay vendors or employees with postdated checks. Somewhere between the customer boycotts and class-action suits, the state attorneys general would be among the first to publicly call these companies out.

But remember, it’s businessmen who are evil.

Hmmm…if the state, or IRS, doesn’t owe you money (that was yours to begin with) in the first place, you’ve denied the taxing authority the chance to defraud you or make you wait.

Chances are pretty good that in the next year, your municipality will float a bond issue for more money for your neighborhood firemen. Or initiate a ¼% sales surtax. You’ll vote yes, probably because of the residual effects of 9/11. A few months later, when the firemen have spent all the money on lasagna and mustache grooming and matching blue shirts for their daily trips to the gym, try not to draw a correlation to your delayed tax return. Which you shouldn’t be getting anyway, if you learn how to Control Your Cash.

**This article was featured in the Truth or Dare Issue of Money Hackers Carnival #108**